Which characteristic describes infiltration during an IV procedure?

Infiltration during an IV procedure is characterized by fluid buildup outside the vein, which occurs when the IV catheter is improperly positioned or when the vein wall is punctured. This condition leads to the infusion fluid leaking into the surrounding tissues rather than continuing to flow into the bloodstream as intended.

When infiltration occurs, the affected area can appear swollen and may feel firm or tight, but the defining aspect is that the fluid is not within the bloodstream; it is accumulating in the interstitial spaces surrounding the vein. Recognizing this situation promptly is critical, as it can lead to discomfort for the patient and, in some cases, tissue damage.

While increased warmth and swelling, slow flow combined with elevated heart rate, as well as redness and heat, may relate to other conditions or complications in IV therapy, they do not specifically define infiltration itself. Infiltration is solely characterized by the presence of fluid where it should not be, which aligns directly with the chosen answer.